Shroud of Turin is a fake created by famous master Giotto, claims Italian art expert
The Shroud of Turin was made by medieval artist Giotto, it was claimed yesterday.
The 14ft length of fabric, said to be the burial cloth of Christ, bears a faint image of a man and appears to be stained by blood.
However carbon-dating tests have suggested it was produced between 1260 and 1390.
Controversy: An art critic has claimed the Shroud of Turin, an ancient linen sheet revered by some Christians as the burial cloth that wrapped Christ’s body after his crucifixion, was created by the Italian master Giotto
Now Italian art expert Luciano Buso has suggested that the original cloth deteriorated and Giotto was asked to make a copy.
Controversy: The face on the shroud
After months of careful examination of photographs of the Shroud – the relic is kept locked away and not available to be viewed unless on special occasions – Luciano Buso has come up with an idea worthy of a Da Vinci Code thriller.
He says that several veiled appearances of the number 15, hidden in the fabric by the artist, indicate Giotto created the Shroud in 1315 – and that it is a copy of the original which had been damaged and was then lost over the centuries.
Giotto was perhaps the best known artist of his time and was made famous for his decoration of the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua, the fresco that depicts the life of the Virgin Mary and Christ.
Mr Buso insists that 700 years ago it was common practice for artists to insert partial dates into their works so as to guarantee their authenticity and it was known only to a handful of people so as to avoid forgeries.
His claims, which form part of a new book he has written, would coincide with 1980’s carbon dating – which has been dismissed by the Church – and which puts the Shroud’s origins in the early 14th century.
Masterpiece: The Mourning Of Christ by Giotto at the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua, northern Italy
Breathtaking: One of Giotto’s frescoes inside the basilica at Asissi in Perugia
Buso, who is based in Treviso, northern Italy, said: ‘I have examined extremely clear photos of the Shroud and spotted a number of occurrences of the number 15, in the face, the hands, and in one case even shaped to look like a long cross.
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‘He wasn’t trying to fake anything, which is clear from the fact that he signed it ”Giotto 15”, to authenticate it as his own work from 1315. This was not a fake he was asked to make a copy of the original one.
‘This original one was probably so deteriorated the Church asked one of the greatest artists at the time, Giotto, to make a copy and then the original was lost. What we have now is a copy of that one.
‘For obvious reasons it was not widely publicised that it was a copy as that would have had repercussions for the Church – who I understand have been dismissive of my theory but I am confident that I am correct.’
Unconvinced: Experts at the Shroud Museum say the theory surrounding Giotto, whose statue stands in Florence, is ‘ridiculous’
No-one at Turin Cathedral where the Shroud is kept was available for comment but Professor Bruno Barberis, director of the Shroud Museum, said: ‘I think the theory is ridiculous.
‘His claim that Giotto made the Shroud are not very convincing to me and as far as we are concerned it was not made by an artistic method. Many people claim to have seen Greek and Hebrew writing in the Shroud but it’s never been proven.
‘We believe that the image on the Shroud was made by the body of a man who was tortured and then crucified – however there are still many tests that need to be carried out to prove one way or another what it’s origins are.’
Last year Pope Benedict spent several minutes kneeling in front of the linen cloth, after it went on display for only the fifth time in 100 years and he was one of two million people who saw it during a six week viewing.
The Shroud has captivated the imagination of historians, church elders, sceptics and Catholics for more than 500 years.
Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler was obsessed by it and wanted to steal it so he could use it in a black magic ceremony, a monk revealed for the first time last year.
The 14ft-long Shroud bears the faint image of the front and back of a tall, long-haired, bearded man and appears to be stained by blood from wounds in his feet, wrists and side.
Originally the Vatican had intended for the Shroud’s next display to be 2025 but in 2009 Pope Benedict announced it would be brought forward 15 years.
Experts at the Duomo in Turin where the Shroud is kept say many tests are needed to establish its origin
For centuries debate has raged whether the image is that of Christ or an expert forgery from the Middle Ages but what is certain is that experts have never really been able to explain how the image was made.
Carbon-dating tests were conducted on the cloth in 1988 and suggested it was from between 1260 and 1390, other scientists have since claimed that contamination over the ages, from water damage and fire, were not taken sufficiently into account and could have distorted the results.
As a result of controversy and the fact that dating techniques have improved significantly since the 1988 tests were done, there have been numerous calls for further testing but the Vatican has always refused.
The Shroud was given to the Turin archbishop in 1578 by the Duke of Savoy and has been kept in the Cathedral ever since.
In a 2007 questionnaire prepared by RH Reality Check, a pro-abortion organization, the Obama Campaign stated: “Senator Obama would overturn the global gag rule and reinstate funding for UNFPA” (Lynch, “Sen. Barack Obama’s RH Issues Questionnaire”). Representative Carolyn Maloney would later express her confidence in the Obama promise to fund the UNFPA during a press conference at the National Press Club (Starr, “Congresswoman Confident Obama Will Fund UNFPA, Which Supports China’s Coercive Abortion Program”). The conference, which highlighted the release of the 2008 UN report on the state of the world’s population, gave Maloney an opportunity to take the podium and declare that the Obama Administration would reinstate funding for the UNFPA (ibid).
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